Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes remains foundational to modern detective fiction, influencing iconic characters from Agatha Christie's Hercule Poirot to contemporary figures like Knives Out's Benoit Blanc and even elements of Batman's persona. The legendary detective boasts numerous adaptations across media, including Guy Ritchie's 2009 Sherlock Holmes featuring Robert Downey Jr., and BBC's acclaimed modern reinterpretation Sherlock starring Benedict Cumberbatch.
These adaptations succeed by honoring Doyle's original works published between 1887-1927—an expansive collection spanning novels and short stories. With over 50 individual cases featuring varying publication timelines, newcomers often find the Holmes canon daunting to navigate. We've streamlined this journey for you.
Note: This guide exclusively covers Doyle's original works, excluding later authors' contributions.
The Complete Sherlock Holmes Bibliography
The official canon comprises 56 short stories across multiple collections and four novels. While Doyle's son Adrian later penned 12 additional stories (often excluded by purists), and authorized sequels exist from other writers, our focus remains solely on Arthur Conan Doyle's definitive works.
1. A Study in Scarlet
A Study in Scarlet
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This 1887 debut novel introduces detective Sherlock Holmes, Dr. John Watson, and their legendary Baker Street lodgings—now immortalized even in LEGO form. The duo's first case follows a brutal murder investigation spanning Victorian London's foggy streets, establishing Holmes' groundbreaking deductive methods.
2. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes
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This 1892 collection features 12 essential short stories showcasing Holmes and Watson at their peak. Notable entries include "A Scandal in Bohemia," introducing Irene Adler—Holmes' intellectual equal who later inspired numerous romantic reinterpretations. Each self-contained mystery offers perfect introductions to the detectives' dynamic after reading A Study in Scarlet.
3. The Valley of Fear
The Valley of Fear
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Though Doyle's final novel (1915), this narrative belongs mid-chronology. Holmes investigates an American murder extending to Vermissa Valley's criminal underworld. Unique chapters follow Pinkerton agent Birdy Edwards, providing rare insight into Moriarty-linked antagonists.
4. The Sign of Four
The Sign of Four
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Doyle's second novel (1890) introduces Mary Morstan—Watson's future wife—while exploring Holmes' cocaine use. The mystery begins with Morstan receiving annual pearls culminating in an invitation to solve her father's decade-old disappearance, unfolding into a treasure hunt with imperial consequences.
5. The Hound of the Baskervilles
The Hound of the Baskervilles
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Doyle's most famous novel (1902) blends gothic horror with detective fiction as Holmes debunks supernatural theories surrounding Dartmoor's spectral hound. While some recommend reading this after Holmes' "death," we maintain chronological placement for proper character development.
6. The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes
The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes
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This 1894 collection introduces both Mycroft Holmes and Professor Moriarty, culminating in "The Final Problem"—Holmes' apparent death at Reichenbach Falls. Moriarty's earlier referenced crimes culminate in their fatal confrontation, though astute readers might question the detective's demise...
7. The Return of Sherlock Holmes
The Return of Sherlock Holmes
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Responding to public demand, Doyle resurrected Holmes in 1905's collection. "The Empty House" reveals Holmes survived Moriarty by traveling incognito worldwide. These thirteen stories showcase Holmes' deductive brilliance anew, with cases ranging from blackmail to stolen state secrets.
8. The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes
The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes
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Doyle's final 1927 collection contains twelve eclectic cases, including notable appearances by recurring characters. While best enjoyed anytime due to standalone nature, we've placed it here to avoid spoiling earlier referenced figures' fates.
9. His Last Bow
His Last Bow
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1917's concluding anthology features eight stories culminating in Holmes' World War I service. Dr. Watson confirms Holmes' eventual peaceful retirement, though not before assisting Britain's war preparations—demonstrating Doyle's ability to weave detective fiction with historical events.
Sherlock Holmes Complete Collection (Paperback)
Sherlock Holmes Complete Collection
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This comprehensive edition combines all novels and short stories with supplemental materials—including case notes pages acknowledging the chronology's complexity. Ideal for enthusiasts preferring consolidated references.
The Complete Sherlock Holmes Collection (Leather-bound)
One Leather-bound Book
The Complete Sherlock Holmes Collection
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This premium leather-bound edition (1000+ pages) offers timeless elegance for displays or immersive reading. Currently discounted 38% ($18.65), it presents exceptional value for Doyle's masterworks in durable luxury binding.
